<p>Positivity bounds are theoretical constraints on the Wilson coefficients of an effective field theory. These bounds emerge from the requirement that a given effective field theory must be the low-energy limit of a relativistic quantum theory that satisfies the fundamental principles of unitarity, locality, and causality. The task of deriving these bounds can be reformulated as the geometric problem of finding the extremal representation of a closed convex cone&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal C_W\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="script">C</mi> <mi>W</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. More precisely, in the presence of multiple particle flavors, the forward-limit positivity cone <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal C_W\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="script">C</mi> <mi>W</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> consists of all positive semi-definite tensors in <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(W =\left\{ S \in \textrm{Sym}^2 (\textrm{Sym}^2\, V^*)\oplus \textrm{Sym}^2 \left( {\Lambda }^2 V^*\right) :\right. \left. \tau S = S \right\} \subset \textrm{Sym}^2(V^*\otimes V^*)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>W</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfenced open="{"> <mi>S</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mtext>Sym</mtext> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mtext>Sym</mtext> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <msup> <mi>V</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>⊕</mo> <msup> <mtext>Sym</mtext> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msup> <mi>V</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> </mfenced> <mo>:</mo> </mfenced> <mfenced close="}"> <mi>τ</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>S</mi> </mfenced> <mo>⊂</mo> <msup> <mtext>Sym</mtext> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>V</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mo>⊗</mo> <msup> <mi>V</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\tau \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>τ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> denotes transposition in the second and fourth tensor factor and <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(V\cong \mathbb {R}^n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>V</mi> <mo>≅</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <i>n</i> is the number of flavors. In this work, we solve this question up to three flavors, i.e.,&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n=3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, proving a full classification of all extremal elements in these cases. We furthermore study the implications of our findings, deriving the full positivity bounds for amplitudes with and without additional symmetries. In the cases with additional symmetries that we consider, we find that the so-called elastic bounds are sufficient to give rise to the full positivity bounds.</p>

错误:搜索内容不能为空,请输入英文关键词
错误:关键词超出字数限制,请精简
高级检索

Geometry of Effective Field Theory Positivity Cones

  • Q. Bonnefoy,
  • V. Cortés,
  • E. Gendy,
  • C. Grojean,
  • K. Ritter von Merkl,
  • P. N. Pilatus

摘要

Positivity bounds are theoretical constraints on the Wilson coefficients of an effective field theory. These bounds emerge from the requirement that a given effective field theory must be the low-energy limit of a relativistic quantum theory that satisfies the fundamental principles of unitarity, locality, and causality. The task of deriving these bounds can be reformulated as the geometric problem of finding the extremal representation of a closed convex cone  \(\mathcal C_W\) C W . More precisely, in the presence of multiple particle flavors, the forward-limit positivity cone \(\mathcal C_W\) C W consists of all positive semi-definite tensors in \(W =\left\{ S \in \textrm{Sym}^2 (\textrm{Sym}^2\, V^*)\oplus \textrm{Sym}^2 \left( {\Lambda }^2 V^*\right) :\right. \left. \tau S = S \right\} \subset \textrm{Sym}^2(V^*\otimes V^*)\) W = S Sym 2 ( Sym 2 V ) Sym 2 Λ 2 V : τ S = S Sym 2 ( V V ) , where \(\tau \) τ denotes transposition in the second and fourth tensor factor and \(V\cong \mathbb {R}^n\) V R n , where n is the number of flavors. In this work, we solve this question up to three flavors, i.e.,  \(n=3\) n = 3 , proving a full classification of all extremal elements in these cases. We furthermore study the implications of our findings, deriving the full positivity bounds for amplitudes with and without additional symmetries. In the cases with additional symmetries that we consider, we find that the so-called elastic bounds are sufficient to give rise to the full positivity bounds.