<p>Berezin and Weyl quantization are renowned procedures for mapping commutative Poisson algebras of observables to their non-commutative, quantum counterparts. The latter is famous for its use on Weyl algebras, while the former is more appropriate for continuous functions decaying at infinity. In this work, we define a variant of the Berezin quantization map, which acts on the classical Weyl algebra <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="23_2025_1639_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="61" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {W}(E,0)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">W</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>E</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and constitutes a positive <i>strict deformation quantization</i>. This construction provides a natural framework to compare classical and quantum thermal equilibrium states of a Bose gas through the computation of their semi-classical limit. To this end, we first introduce a purely algebraic notion of KMS states for the classical Weyl algebra and establish that, in finite volume, there exists a unique such state, which can be interpreted as the Fourier transform of a Gibbs measure on a Hilbert space. We then construct a new class of classical KMS states that realize representations of the canonical commutation relations with infinite local density. These states arise as the semi-classical high-density limit of the quantum equilibrium states originally studied by Araki and Woods [<CitationRef CitationID="CR5">5</CitationRef>]. A key feature of our approach is that it preserves the macroscopic ground-state occupation of the Bose gas in the classical regime. Finally, we demonstrate that the infinite-volume classical states can be obtained as thermodynamic limits of finite-volume Gibbs states.</p>

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On Classical Aspects of Bose–Einstein Condensation

  • L. Pettinari

摘要

Berezin and Weyl quantization are renowned procedures for mapping commutative Poisson algebras of observables to their non-commutative, quantum counterparts. The latter is famous for its use on Weyl algebras, while the former is more appropriate for continuous functions decaying at infinity. In this work, we define a variant of the Berezin quantization map, which acts on the classical Weyl algebra \(\mathcal {W}(E,0)\) W ( E , 0 ) and constitutes a positive strict deformation quantization. This construction provides a natural framework to compare classical and quantum thermal equilibrium states of a Bose gas through the computation of their semi-classical limit. To this end, we first introduce a purely algebraic notion of KMS states for the classical Weyl algebra and establish that, in finite volume, there exists a unique such state, which can be interpreted as the Fourier transform of a Gibbs measure on a Hilbert space. We then construct a new class of classical KMS states that realize representations of the canonical commutation relations with infinite local density. These states arise as the semi-classical high-density limit of the quantum equilibrium states originally studied by Araki and Woods [5]. A key feature of our approach is that it preserves the macroscopic ground-state occupation of the Bose gas in the classical regime. Finally, we demonstrate that the infinite-volume classical states can be obtained as thermodynamic limits of finite-volume Gibbs states.