<p>We study the integrable structure and scaling limits of the conditioned eigenvector overlap of the symplectic Ginibre ensemble of Gaussian non-Hermitian random matrices with independent quaternion elements. The average of the overlap matrix elements constructed from left and right eigenvectors, conditioned to <i>x</i>, are derived in terms of a Pfaffian determinant. Regarded as a two-dimensional Coulomb gas with the Neumann boundary condition along the real axis, it contains a kernel of skew-orthogonal polynomials with respect to the weight function <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\omega ^\mathrm{(over)}(z)=|z-\overline{x}|^2(1+|z-x|^2)e^{-2|z|^2}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>ω</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">over</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>-</mo> </mrow> <mover> <mi>x</mi> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, so including a non-trivial insertion of a point charge. The mean off-diagonal overlap is related to the diagonal (self-)overlap by a transposition, in analogy to the complex Ginibre ensemble. For <i>x</i> conditioned to the real line, extending previous results at <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(x=0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, we determine the skew-orthogonal polynomials and their skew-kernel with respect to <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\omega ^\mathrm{(over)}(z)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>ω</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">over</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. This is done in two steps and involves a Christoffel perturbation of the weight <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\omega ^\mathrm{(over)}(z)=|z-\overline{x}|^2\omega ^\mathrm{(pre)}(z)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>ω</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">over</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mover> <mi>x</mi> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msup> <mi>ω</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">pre</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, by computing first the corresponding quantities for the unperturbed weight <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\omega ^\mathrm{(pre)}(z)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>ω</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">pre</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Its kernel is shown to satisfy a differential equation at finite matrix size <i>N</i>. This allows us to take different large-<i>N</i> limits, where we distinguish bulk and edge regime along the real axis. The limiting mean diagonal overlaps and corresponding eigenvalue correlation functions of the point processes with respect to <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\omega ^\mathrm{(over)}(z)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>ω</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">over</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are determined. We also examine the effect on the planar orthogonal polynomials when changing the variance in <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\omega ^\mathrm{(pre)}(z)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>ω</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">pre</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, as this appears in the eigenvector statistics of the complex Ginibre ensemble.</p>

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Pfaffian Structure of the Eigenvector Overlap for the Symplectic Ginibre Ensemble

  • Gernot Akemann,
  • Sung-Soo Byun,
  • Kohei Noda

摘要

We study the integrable structure and scaling limits of the conditioned eigenvector overlap of the symplectic Ginibre ensemble of Gaussian non-Hermitian random matrices with independent quaternion elements. The average of the overlap matrix elements constructed from left and right eigenvectors, conditioned to x, are derived in terms of a Pfaffian determinant. Regarded as a two-dimensional Coulomb gas with the Neumann boundary condition along the real axis, it contains a kernel of skew-orthogonal polynomials with respect to the weight function \(\omega ^\mathrm{(over)}(z)=|z-\overline{x}|^2(1+|z-x|^2)e^{-2|z|^2}\) ω ( over ) ( z ) = | z - x ¯ | 2 ( 1 + | z - x | 2 ) e - 2 | z | 2 , so including a non-trivial insertion of a point charge. The mean off-diagonal overlap is related to the diagonal (self-)overlap by a transposition, in analogy to the complex Ginibre ensemble. For x conditioned to the real line, extending previous results at \(x=0\) x = 0 , we determine the skew-orthogonal polynomials and their skew-kernel with respect to \(\omega ^\mathrm{(over)}(z)\) ω ( over ) ( z ) . This is done in two steps and involves a Christoffel perturbation of the weight \(\omega ^\mathrm{(over)}(z)=|z-\overline{x}|^2\omega ^\mathrm{(pre)}(z)\) ω ( over ) ( z ) = | z - x ¯ | 2 ω ( pre ) ( z ) , by computing first the corresponding quantities for the unperturbed weight \(\omega ^\mathrm{(pre)}(z)\) ω ( pre ) ( z ) . Its kernel is shown to satisfy a differential equation at finite matrix size N. This allows us to take different large-N limits, where we distinguish bulk and edge regime along the real axis. The limiting mean diagonal overlaps and corresponding eigenvalue correlation functions of the point processes with respect to \(\omega ^\mathrm{(over)}(z)\) ω ( over ) ( z ) are determined. We also examine the effect on the planar orthogonal polynomials when changing the variance in \(\omega ^\mathrm{(pre)}(z)\) ω ( pre ) ( z ) , as this appears in the eigenvector statistics of the complex Ginibre ensemble.