<p>The perimeter-analogue of the centroid of a triangle, when this is viewed as the intersection of the area-bisecting cevians, is the intersection of the perimeter-bisecting cevians, or the&#xa0;Nagel point. The length of the shortest part of the perimeter cut by a variable line through an interior point&#xa0;<i>P</i> of a triangle ranges over a closed interval&#xa0;[<i>w</i>,&#xa0;<i>s</i>], where&#xa0;<i>s</i> is the semiperimeter and&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(w=w(P)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>w</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>w</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>P</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a real number between 0 and <i>s</i>. When&#xa0;<i>P</i> is the&#xa0;Nagel point, we compute the expression of&#xa0;<i>w</i>(<i>P</i>) in terms of the side lengths and show that the range of&#xa0;<i>w</i>(<i>P</i>)/(2<i>s</i>) over all triangles is the interval (0,&#xa0;4/9], where 4/9 is attained by the&#xa0;equilateral triangle, and 0 is approached by triangles with sides in bi-ratio approaching&#xa0;0&#xa0;:&#xa0;1&#xa0;:&#xa0;1. This result is a perimeter-analogue of the classical Winternitz theorem in a triangle, asserting that, in the case of area-ratio instead of perimeter-ratio and&#xa0;<i>P</i> is the centroid, in every triangle,&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(w(P)/\sigma =4/9\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>w</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>P</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mi>σ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>9</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sigma \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>σ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is the area of the triangle. Hence, the range of <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(w(P)/\sigma \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>w</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>P</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mi>σ</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> over all triangles is the singleton set&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\{4/9\}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>9</mn> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>.</p>

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The perimeter Winternitz theorem in a triangle relative to the Nagel point

  • Allan Berele,
  • Stefan Catoiu

摘要

The perimeter-analogue of the centroid of a triangle, when this is viewed as the intersection of the area-bisecting cevians, is the intersection of the perimeter-bisecting cevians, or the Nagel point. The length of the shortest part of the perimeter cut by a variable line through an interior point P of a triangle ranges over a closed interval [ws], where s is the semiperimeter and  \(w=w(P)\) w = w ( P ) is a real number between 0 and s. When P is the Nagel point, we compute the expression of w(P) in terms of the side lengths and show that the range of w(P)/(2s) over all triangles is the interval (0, 4/9], where 4/9 is attained by the equilateral triangle, and 0 is approached by triangles with sides in bi-ratio approaching 0 : 1 : 1. This result is a perimeter-analogue of the classical Winternitz theorem in a triangle, asserting that, in the case of area-ratio instead of perimeter-ratio and P is the centroid, in every triangle,  \(w(P)/\sigma =4/9\) w ( P ) / σ = 4 / 9 , where  \(\sigma \) σ is the area of the triangle. Hence, the range of \(w(P)/\sigma \) w ( P ) / σ over all triangles is the singleton set  \(\{4/9\}\) { 4 / 9 } .