<p>The set <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="20_2025_2798_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="20" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {Q}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="script">Q</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of reflections (i.e., operators <i>C</i> such that <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="20_2025_2798_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="54" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(C^2=I\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>C</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mi>I</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) in a <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="20_2025_2798_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="21" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\hbox {C}^*\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-algebra is a geometric space which has been the object of several investigations, and is an important tool in the study of these algebras. In this paper we consider a special class of reflections, the composition operators <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="20_2025_2798_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="21" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(C_a\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mi>a</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> acting on the Hardy space <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="20_2025_2798_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="23" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(H^2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of the unit disk, given by <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="20_2025_2798_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="97" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(C_af=f\circ \varphi _a\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mi>a</mi> </msub> <mi>f</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mo>∘</mo> <msub> <mi>φ</mi> <mi>a</mi> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <Equation ID="Equ24"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="20_2025_2798_Article_Equ24.gif" Format="GIF" Height="37" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="117" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \varphi _a(z)=\frac{a-z}{1-{\bar{a}}z}, \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>φ</mi> <mi>a</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mover accent="true"> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">¯</mo> </mrow> </mover> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>for <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="20_2025_2798_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="52" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(|a|&lt;1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. These operators are indeed reflections, because <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="20_2025_2798_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="94" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varphi _a\circ \varphi _a=id\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>φ</mi> <mi>a</mi> </msub> <mo>∘</mo> <msub> <mi>φ</mi> <mi>a</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. We study their eigenspaces <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="20_2025_2798_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="78" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(N(C_a\pm I)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mi>a</mi> </msub> <mo>±</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, their relative position (i.e., the intersections between these spaces and their orthogonal complements for <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="20_2025_2798_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="43" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(a\ne b\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>≠</mo> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in the unit disk) and the symmetries induced by <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="20_2025_2798_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="21" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(C_a\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mi>a</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and these eigenspaces.</p>

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Symmetries and Reflections from Composition Operators in the Disk

  • Esteban Andruchow,
  • Gustavo Corach,
  • Lázaro Recht

摘要

The set \(\mathcal {Q}\) Q of reflections (i.e., operators C such that \(C^2=I\) C 2 = I ) in a \(\hbox {C}^*\) C -algebra is a geometric space which has been the object of several investigations, and is an important tool in the study of these algebras. In this paper we consider a special class of reflections, the composition operators \(C_a\) C a acting on the Hardy space \(H^2\) H 2 of the unit disk, given by \(C_af=f\circ \varphi _a\) C a f = f φ a , where \(\begin{aligned} \varphi _a(z)=\frac{a-z}{1-{\bar{a}}z}, \end{aligned}\) φ a ( z ) = a - z 1 - a ¯ z , for \(|a|<1\) | a | < 1 . These operators are indeed reflections, because \(\varphi _a\circ \varphi _a=id\) φ a φ a = i d . We study their eigenspaces \(N(C_a\pm I)\) N ( C a ± I ) , their relative position (i.e., the intersections between these spaces and their orthogonal complements for \(a\ne b\) a b in the unit disk) and the symmetries induced by \(C_a\) C a and these eigenspaces.