Transcriptomic profiling and regulatory pathways of cardiac resident macrophages in aging

Cardiovascular diseases are an array of age-related disorders, and accumulating evidence suggests a link between cardiac resident macrophages (CRMs) and the age-related disorders. However, how does CRMs alter with aging remains elusive. In the present study, aged mice (20 months old) have been employed to check for their cardiac structural and functional alterations, and the changes in the proportion of CRM subsets as well, followed by sorting of CRMs, including C-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 2 (CCR2)⁺ and CCR2^– CRMs, which were subjected to Smart-Seq. Integrated analysis of the Smart-Seq data with three publicly available single-cell RNA-seq datasets revealed that inflammatory genes were drastic upregulated for both CCR2⁺ and CCR2^– CRMs with aging, but genes germane to wound healing were downregulated for CCR2^– CRMs, suggesting the differential functions of these two subsets. More importantly, inflammatory genes involved in damage sensing, complement cascades, and phagocytosis were largely upregulated in CCR2^– CRMs, implying the imbalance of inflammatory response upon aging. Our work provides a comprehensive framework and transcriptional resource for assessing the impact of aging on CRMs with a potential for further understanding cardiac aging.