<p>For any odd prime <i>p</i> and any integer <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10_2025_1214_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="48" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(N\ge 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, let <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10_2025_1214_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="57" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {V}(p,N)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> be the set of vertices of the cyclotomic box <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10_2025_1214_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="100" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathscr {B}= \mathscr {B}(p,N)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">B</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="script">B</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of edge size 2<i>N</i> and centered at the origin <i>O</i> of the ring of integers <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10_2025_1214_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="32" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {Z}[\omega ]\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi>ω</mi> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of the cyclotomic field <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10_2025_1214_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="36" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {Q}(\omega )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Q</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>ω</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10_2025_1214_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="25" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="97" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\omega =\exp \big (\frac{2\pi i}{p}\big )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>ω</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>exp</mo> <mrow> <mo maxsize="1.2em" minsize="1.2em" stretchy="true">(</mo> </mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> <mi>p</mi> </mfrac> <mrow> <mo maxsize="1.2em" minsize="1.2em" stretchy="true">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Cyclotomic boxes represented as sets of points in the complex plane prove to have counter-intuitive super-regularity properties that are known to occur in high dimensional real hypercubes. Employing the naturally induced Euclidean-trace metric for distance measurement and letting the prime <i>p</i> tend to infinity, we prove the following results. 1. Almost all triangles with vertices in <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10_2025_1214_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="57" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {V}(p,N)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are almost equilateral. 2. Almost all angles <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10_2025_1214_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="57" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\angle VOA\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>∠</mo> <mi>V</mi> <mi>O</mi> <mi>A</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <i>V</i> is in&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10_2025_1214_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="57" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {V}(p,N)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <i>O</i> is the origin, which coincides with the center of <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10_2025_1214_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="62" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathscr {B}(p,N)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">B</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and <i>A</i> is fixed anywhere in <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10_2025_1214_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="62" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathscr {B}(p,N)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">B</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, are right angles. 3. Almost all pyramids with base on <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10_2025_1214_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="57" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {V}(p,N)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and the apex fixed anywhere in <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10_2025_1214_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="62" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathscr {B}(p,N)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">B</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are super-regular, meaning that the base has all edges and diagonals almost equal and the lateral faces are nearly isosceles triangles, each nearly equal to the others.</p>

错误:搜索内容不能为空,请输入英文关键词
错误:关键词超出字数限制,请精简
高级检索

Super-regular polytopes in cyclotomic hypercubes

  • Cristian Cobeli,
  • Alexandru Zaharescu

摘要

For any odd prime p and any integer \(N\ge 0\) N 0 , let \(\mathcal {V}(p,N)\) V ( p , N ) be the set of vertices of the cyclotomic box \(\mathscr {B}= \mathscr {B}(p,N)\) B = B ( p , N ) of edge size 2N and centered at the origin O of the ring of integers \(\mathbb {Z}[\omega ]\) Z [ ω ] of the cyclotomic field \(\mathbb {Q}(\omega )\) Q ( ω ) , where \(\omega =\exp \big (\frac{2\pi i}{p}\big )\) ω = exp ( 2 π i p ) . Cyclotomic boxes represented as sets of points in the complex plane prove to have counter-intuitive super-regularity properties that are known to occur in high dimensional real hypercubes. Employing the naturally induced Euclidean-trace metric for distance measurement and letting the prime p tend to infinity, we prove the following results. 1. Almost all triangles with vertices in \(\mathcal {V}(p,N)\) V ( p , N ) are almost equilateral. 2. Almost all angles \(\angle VOA\) V O A , where V is in  \(\mathcal {V}(p,N)\) V ( p , N ) , O is the origin, which coincides with the center of \(\mathscr {B}(p,N)\) B ( p , N ) , and A is fixed anywhere in \(\mathscr {B}(p,N)\) B ( p , N ) , are right angles. 3. Almost all pyramids with base on \(\mathcal {V}(p,N)\) V ( p , N ) and the apex fixed anywhere in \(\mathscr {B}(p,N)\) B ( p , N ) are super-regular, meaning that the base has all edges and diagonals almost equal and the lateral faces are nearly isosceles triangles, each nearly equal to the others.