<p>The <i>Sincov</i> equation <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f(x,z)=f(x,y)+f(y,z)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> has a long history. An excellent source is Gronau(2014). Under usual circumstances the general solution is given by <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f(x,y)=g(y)-g(x)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>g</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi>g</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with arbitrary <i>g</i>. This is also true, when the equation is satisfied for all <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(x\le y\le z\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in a linearly ordered domain and for abelian groups as co-domain. In Pia̧tek(2005) a result in this context is presented in the case that the domain is (only) partially ordered. We present a counter example and suggest positive results under mild additional hypotheses. In Bögel-Tasche(1974) and much better in chap.&#xa0;7, The Lebesgue-Stieltes Integral of McShane(1944) the notion of <i>additive interval</i> functions is introduced. It seems that it went unnoticed till now that there is an intimate connection to the Sincov equation. This will be discussed in detail here.</p>

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Remarks on some generalized Sincov equations

  • Harald Fripertinger,
  • Jens Schwaiger

摘要

The Sincov equation \(f(x,z)=f(x,y)+f(y,z)\) f ( x , z ) = f ( x , y ) + f ( y , z ) has a long history. An excellent source is Gronau(2014). Under usual circumstances the general solution is given by \(f(x,y)=g(y)-g(x)\) f ( x , y ) = g ( y ) - g ( x ) with arbitrary g. This is also true, when the equation is satisfied for all \(x\le y\le z\) x y z in a linearly ordered domain and for abelian groups as co-domain. In Pia̧tek(2005) a result in this context is presented in the case that the domain is (only) partially ordered. We present a counter example and suggest positive results under mild additional hypotheses. In Bögel-Tasche(1974) and much better in chap. 7, The Lebesgue-Stieltes Integral of McShane(1944) the notion of additive interval functions is introduced. It seems that it went unnoticed till now that there is an intimate connection to the Sincov equation. This will be discussed in detail here.