<p>In 2016, Deines, Fuselier, Long, Swisher, and Tu proved the following nice supercongruence: <Equation ID="Equ19"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="9_2025_2889_Article_Equ19.gif" Format="GIF" Height="52" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="215" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \sum _{k=0}^{p-1}\frac{(\frac{2}{3})_k^3}{k!^3}\equiv -\Gamma _p(\tfrac{1}{3})^3\pmod {p^2}, \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <munderover> <mo>∑</mo> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </munderover> <mfrac> <msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mfrac> <mn>2</mn> <mn>3</mn> </mfrac> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msubsup> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <msup> <mo>!</mo> <mn>3</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>≡</mo> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mi>p</mi> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>3</mn> </mfrac> </mstyle> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> <mspace width="10.0pt" /> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>mod</mo> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <msup> <mi>p</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="9_2025_2889_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="106" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p\equiv 1\pmod {6}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>≡</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mspace width="4.44443pt" /> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>mod</mo> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mn>6</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is any prime and <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="9_2025_2889_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="40" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Gamma _p(x)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mi>p</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> denotes the <i>p</i>-adic Gamma function, and conjectured that this result is also true modulo <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="9_2025_2889_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="17" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p^3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>p</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. In terms of the <i>q</i>-Dixon formula, the creative microscoping method introduced by Guo and Zudilin (Adv Math 346:329–358, 2019), and the Chinese remainder theorem for coprime polynomials, we shall establish a <i>q</i>-analog of Deines, Fuselier, Long, Swisher, and Tu’s supercongruence for the modulo <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="9_2025_2889_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="17" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p^3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>p</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> case in this paper.</p>

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A q-Analog of Deines, Fuselier, Long, Swisher, and Tu’s Supercongruence

  • Chuanan Wei,
  • Qin Wang

摘要

In 2016, Deines, Fuselier, Long, Swisher, and Tu proved the following nice supercongruence: \(\begin{aligned} \sum _{k=0}^{p-1}\frac{(\frac{2}{3})_k^3}{k!^3}\equiv -\Gamma _p(\tfrac{1}{3})^3\pmod {p^2}, \end{aligned}\) k = 0 p - 1 ( 2 3 ) k 3 k ! 3 - Γ p ( 1 3 ) 3 ( mod p 2 ) , where \(p\equiv 1\pmod {6}\) p 1 ( mod 6 ) is any prime and \(\Gamma _p(x)\) Γ p ( x ) denotes the p-adic Gamma function, and conjectured that this result is also true modulo \(p^3\) p 3 . In terms of the q-Dixon formula, the creative microscoping method introduced by Guo and Zudilin (Adv Math 346:329–358, 2019), and the Chinese remainder theorem for coprime polynomials, we shall establish a q-analog of Deines, Fuselier, Long, Swisher, and Tu’s supercongruence for the modulo \(p^3\) p 3 case in this paper.