<p>A cubic partition is an integer partition in which the even parts can occur in two distinct colors. In this paper, we denote the number of cubic partitions of <i>n</i> by <i>a</i>(<i>n</i>) and define <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="9_2025_2798_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="44" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(a_m(n)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> as the number of cubic partitions of <i>n</i> in which only even parts that are not congruent to 0 modulo <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="9_2025_2798_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="21" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(2^m\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mi>m</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> can appear in two colors. By leveraging classical results on truncated theta series, we introduce a collection of linear relations associated with the cubic partition functions <i>a</i>(<i>n</i>) and <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="9_2025_2798_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="44" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(a_m(n)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. This context reveals intriguing connections among ordinary partitions, overpartitions, <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="9_2025_2798_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="21" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(2^m\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mi>m</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-regular partitions, pod-partitions and cubic partitions. A complete characterization of the congruences of <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="9_2025_2798_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="39" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(a_2(n)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> modulo 2 and 4 is provided.</p>

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Linear Dependencies Among Cubic Partition Numbers

  • Cristina Ballantine,
  • Mircea Merca

摘要

A cubic partition is an integer partition in which the even parts can occur in two distinct colors. In this paper, we denote the number of cubic partitions of n by a(n) and define \(a_m(n)\) a m ( n ) as the number of cubic partitions of n in which only even parts that are not congruent to 0 modulo \(2^m\) 2 m can appear in two colors. By leveraging classical results on truncated theta series, we introduce a collection of linear relations associated with the cubic partition functions a(n) and \(a_m(n)\) a m ( n ) . This context reveals intriguing connections among ordinary partitions, overpartitions, \(2^m\) 2 m -regular partitions, pod-partitions and cubic partitions. A complete characterization of the congruences of \(a_2(n)\) a 2 ( n ) modulo 2 and 4 is provided.