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<p>Residue studies and dietary risk assessments are essential for evaluating the safe use of pesticides in crops. In the present study, a Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) extraction coupled with gas chromatography-flame photometric detection was developed to quantify chlorpyrifos, ethion, and triazophos residues in cauliflower. In addition, field trials were conducted to investigate the dissipation and residue behaviour of chlorpyrifos, ethion, and triazophos in cauliflower. The dietary risk for Indian consumers was evaluated using risk quotient methods. The average recoveries of chlorpyrifos, ethion, and triazophos ranged from 103 to 115%, 103 to 114%, and 96 to 99%, respectively, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of &lt; 5%. Chlorpyrifos, ethion, and triazophos residues dissipated with half-lives of 2.8, 4.3, and 2.7 days, respectively. Washing the cauliflower, followed by boiling decreased the residues by over 70%, resulting in a processing factor of &lt; 1. Chronic risk quotients (RQs) were &lt; 1, except for triazophos on the first day after application, indicating that consumption of cauliflower was safe for all age groups of Indian consumers. The pre-harvest intervals required to ensure compliance with the maximum residue limit (MRL) for chlorpyrifos, ethion, and triazophos in cauliflower were 3, 10, and 24 days, respectively.</p>

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Residues, decontamination, processing factors and risk assessment of organophosphorus insecticides in cauliflower

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月9日

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  • Anju Padmanabhan,
  • M. Paramasivam,
  • N. Muthukrishnan,
  • K. Bhuvaneswari

摘要

Residue studies and dietary risk assessments are essential for evaluating the safe use of pesticides in crops. In the present study, a Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) extraction coupled with gas chromatography-flame photometric detection was developed to quantify chlorpyrifos, ethion, and triazophos residues in cauliflower. In addition, field trials were conducted to investigate the dissipation and residue behaviour of chlorpyrifos, ethion, and triazophos in cauliflower. The dietary risk for Indian consumers was evaluated using risk quotient methods. The average recoveries of chlorpyrifos, ethion, and triazophos ranged from 103 to 115%, 103 to 114%, and 96 to 99%, respectively, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of < 5%. Chlorpyrifos, ethion, and triazophos residues dissipated with half-lives of 2.8, 4.3, and 2.7 days, respectively. Washing the cauliflower, followed by boiling decreased the residues by over 70%, resulting in a processing factor of < 1. Chronic risk quotients (RQs) were < 1, except for triazophos on the first day after application, indicating that consumption of cauliflower was safe for all age groups of Indian consumers. The pre-harvest intervals required to ensure compliance with the maximum residue limit (MRL) for chlorpyrifos, ethion, and triazophos in cauliflower were 3, 10, and 24 days, respectively.