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<p>Can a stationary stone radiate gravitational waves (GWs)? While the answer is typically “no” in flat spacetime, we get a “yes” in inflationary spacetime. In this work, we study the stationary-stone-produced GWs in inflation with a concrete model, where the role of stones is played by massive higher-spin particles. We study particles of spin-2 and higher produced by helical chemical potentials, and show that the induced GWs feature a scale-invariant and helicity-biased power spectrum in the slow-roll limit. Including slow-roll corrections leads to interesting backreactions from the higher-spin boson production, resulting in an intriguing scale-dependence of GWs at small scales. Given the existing observational and theoretical constraints, we identify viable parameter regions capable of generating visibly large GWs for future observations.</p>

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Primordial stochastic gravitational waves from massive higher-spin bosons

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月26日

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  • Haipeng An,
  • Zhehan Qin,
  • Zhong-Zhi Xianyu,
  • Borui Zhang

摘要

Can a stationary stone radiate gravitational waves (GWs)? While the answer is typically “no” in flat spacetime, we get a “yes” in inflationary spacetime. In this work, we study the stationary-stone-produced GWs in inflation with a concrete model, where the role of stones is played by massive higher-spin particles. We study particles of spin-2 and higher produced by helical chemical potentials, and show that the induced GWs feature a scale-invariant and helicity-biased power spectrum in the slow-roll limit. Including slow-roll corrections leads to interesting backreactions from the higher-spin boson production, resulting in an intriguing scale-dependence of GWs at small scales. Given the existing observational and theoretical constraints, we identify viable parameter regions capable of generating visibly large GWs for future observations.