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<p>We show that the potential of a light axion can flip sign, or even nearly vanish, as a result of coherent oscillations of a heavier axion with which it mixes. This phenomenon is analogous to the Kapitza pendulum, where a high-frequency external force stabilizes an otherwise unstable configuration, but here it arises naturally from the inherent mass hierarchy and mixing among axions in the axiverse, without the need for any externally imposed modulation. We further show that a late-time sign flip of the potential can significantly enhance the abundance of the light axion, which has important cosmological and observational consequences. Such dynamics may also be realized in multi-natural inflation, or inside oscillons and boson stars formed by a heavy axion.</p>

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Sign-flipping axion potentials via Kapitza-type modulation by heavy axions

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月17日

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  • Kai Murai,
  • Fuminobu Takahashi,
  • Kosei Tomiyama

摘要

We show that the potential of a light axion can flip sign, or even nearly vanish, as a result of coherent oscillations of a heavier axion with which it mixes. This phenomenon is analogous to the Kapitza pendulum, where a high-frequency external force stabilizes an otherwise unstable configuration, but here it arises naturally from the inherent mass hierarchy and mixing among axions in the axiverse, without the need for any externally imposed modulation. We further show that a late-time sign flip of the potential can significantly enhance the abundance of the light axion, which has important cosmological and observational consequences. Such dynamics may also be realized in multi-natural inflation, or inside oscillons and boson stars formed by a heavy axion.