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<p>In this study, we implement the type-II seesaw mechanism for Dirac neutrino masses within the framework of a 3-3-1 model. To this end, we introduce a scalar sextet and impose both lepton number conservation and invariance under a discrete <i>Z</i><sub>2</sub> symmetry in the Lagrangian. This mechanism naturally generates small Dirac neutrino masses by allowing the soft breaking of the <i>Z</i><sub>2</sub> symmetry through a unique term in the scalar potential, while preserving lepton number. Specifically, we explore the realization of this model at low-energy scales. Regarding flavor implications, we analyze its contributions to the rare decay processes <i>μ</i> → <i>eγ</i> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>→</mo> <mover accent="true"> <mi>e</mi> <mo stretchy="true">¯</mo> </mover> <mi mathvariant="italic">ee</mi> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( \mu \to \overline{e} ee \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. In the cosmological context, we analyze the influence of right-handed neutrinos on the effective number of neutrino species, <i>N</i><sub>eff</sub>, through interactions mediated by the <i>Z</i><sup>′</sup> boson. Our findings establish a lower bound of <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <msup> <mi>Z</mi> <mo>′</mo> </msup> </msub> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( {m}_{Z^{\prime }} \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> &gt; 4.4 TeV, which slightly exceeds the current lower limit set by the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).</p>

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Type-II seesaw mechanism for Dirac neutrinos and its implications on Neff and lepton flavor violation in a 3-3-1 model

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月17日

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  • Vinícius Oliveira,
  • Patricio Escalona,
  • Lucia Angel,
  • C. A. de S. Pires,
  • Farinaldo S. Queiroz

摘要

In this study, we implement the type-II seesaw mechanism for Dirac neutrino masses within the framework of a 3-3-1 model. To this end, we introduce a scalar sextet and impose both lepton number conservation and invariance under a discrete Z2 symmetry in the Lagrangian. This mechanism naturally generates small Dirac neutrino masses by allowing the soft breaking of the Z2 symmetry through a unique term in the scalar potential, while preserving lepton number. Specifically, we explore the realization of this model at low-energy scales. Regarding flavor implications, we analyze its contributions to the rare decay processes μ → eγ and μ → e ¯ ee \( \mu \to \overline{e} ee \) . In the cosmological context, we analyze the influence of right-handed neutrinos on the effective number of neutrino species, Neff, through interactions mediated by the Z′ boson. Our findings establish a lower bound of m Z ′ \( {m}_{Z^{\prime }} \) > 4.4 TeV, which slightly exceeds the current lower limit set by the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).