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<p>Gravitational production of decoupled scalars during inflationary and post-inflationary phases is efficient and can lead to over-production. We study this production with various reheating scenarios such as a generic power-law inflaton potential <i>V</i><sub>inf</sub> ∝ <i>ϕ</i><sup><i>k</i></sup> as well as a multi-stage reheating scenario. We derive constraints on the scalar self-interaction coupling <i>λ</i><sub><i>s</i></sub>, the mass <i>m</i><sub><i>s</i></sub>, and coefficients of quantum gravity-induced operators. We find that the constraints depend sensitively on the reheating dynamics. Our analysis demonstrates that universal gravity effects do not necessarily spoil the predictivity of non-thermal dark matter scenarios with <i>k &lt;</i> 4 and low reheating temperatures, as an extended reheating phase dilutes gravitationally-produced relics. For <i>k &gt;</i> 4, on the other hand, the relic abundance is enhanced during the reheating phase, leading to stringent constraints on the scalar. In multi-stage reheating, we show that the enhancement/dilution effect of subsequent reheating phases factorises.</p>

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Gravitational scalar production with a generic reheating scenario

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月19日

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  • Francesco Costa,
  • Jinsu Kim

摘要

Gravitational production of decoupled scalars during inflationary and post-inflationary phases is efficient and can lead to over-production. We study this production with various reheating scenarios such as a generic power-law inflaton potential Vinf ∝ ϕk as well as a multi-stage reheating scenario. We derive constraints on the scalar self-interaction coupling λs, the mass ms, and coefficients of quantum gravity-induced operators. We find that the constraints depend sensitively on the reheating dynamics. Our analysis demonstrates that universal gravity effects do not necessarily spoil the predictivity of non-thermal dark matter scenarios with k < 4 and low reheating temperatures, as an extended reheating phase dilutes gravitationally-produced relics. For k > 4, on the other hand, the relic abundance is enhanced during the reheating phase, leading to stringent constraints on the scalar. In multi-stage reheating, we show that the enhancement/dilution effect of subsequent reheating phases factorises.