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<p>We perform a global analysis of deep-inelastic <i>e</i> + <i>p</i> scattering data from HERA and transverse energy distributions in <i>p</i> + <i>p</i> and <i>p</i> + Pb collisions, alongside charged hadron multiplicities in Pb+Pb collisions at <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <msqrt> <msub> <mi>s</mi> <mi>NN</mi> </msub> </msqrt> <mo>=</mo> <mn>5.02</mn> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( \sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}}=5.02 \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> TeV from ALICE. Using a saturation-based initial state model grounded in high-energy QCD, we determine the early-time non-equilibrium shear viscosity to entropy density ratio <i>η/s</i> of the quark-gluon plasma. Our results provide new insights into the early-time transport properties of nuclear matter under extreme conditions.</p>

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Constraining hot and cold nuclear matter properties from heavy-ion collisions and deep-inelastic scattering

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月23日

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  • Anton Andronic,
  • Nicolas Borghini,
  • Xiaojian Du,
  • Christian Klein-Bösing,
  • Renata Krupczak,
  • Hendrik Roch,
  • Sören Schlichting

摘要

We perform a global analysis of deep-inelastic e + p scattering data from HERA and transverse energy distributions in p + p and p + Pb collisions, alongside charged hadron multiplicities in Pb+Pb collisions at s NN = 5.02 \( \sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}}=5.02 \) TeV from ALICE. Using a saturation-based initial state model grounded in high-energy QCD, we determine the early-time non-equilibrium shear viscosity to entropy density ratio η/s of the quark-gluon plasma. Our results provide new insights into the early-time transport properties of nuclear matter under extreme conditions.