<p>We introduce and study a class of two-dimensional integrable quantum field theories that carry an internal ℤ<sub><i>n</i></sub> structure. These models extend factorised scattering beyond the conventional framework, featuring both the usual hierarchy of integer-spin conserved charges and an additional tower of fractional-spin ones. Our construction relies on a reparametrisation of rapidity space that lifts standard scattering amplitudes to a multiplet related by an internal cyclic symmetry. This construction is naturally embedded within a generalised Gibbs ensemble, which provides the natural framework for a consistent graded Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz. This leads to new Y-systems encoding the graded spectrum. In a special case, these functional relations match those obtained via the ODE/IM correspondence from the monodromy analysis of the quantum cubic oscillator. Even in the simplest models, for one sign of the auxiliary temperature, the finite-volume ground-state energy spectrum undergoes an infinite sequence of level crossings as the coupling strength increases. A preliminary analysis also suggests that these theories exhibit structural connections with cyclic orbifolds. Within this setup, one can consistently include extra CDD factors that realise fractional-spin analogues of the <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <mi>T</mi> <mover accent="true"> <mi>T</mi> <mo stretchy="true">¯</mo> </mover> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( T\overline{T} \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> deformation. In analytically tractable cases, a Hagedorn-like behaviour is observed for a sign of the flow parameter, and the deformed spectrum develops a finite limiting temperature.</p>

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Graded S-matrices, generalised Gibbs ensembles and fractional-spin CDD deformations

  • Nicolò Brizio,
  • Tommaso Morone,
  • Nicolò Primi,
  • Roberto Tateo

摘要

We introduce and study a class of two-dimensional integrable quantum field theories that carry an internal ℤn structure. These models extend factorised scattering beyond the conventional framework, featuring both the usual hierarchy of integer-spin conserved charges and an additional tower of fractional-spin ones. Our construction relies on a reparametrisation of rapidity space that lifts standard scattering amplitudes to a multiplet related by an internal cyclic symmetry. This construction is naturally embedded within a generalised Gibbs ensemble, which provides the natural framework for a consistent graded Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz. This leads to new Y-systems encoding the graded spectrum. In a special case, these functional relations match those obtained via the ODE/IM correspondence from the monodromy analysis of the quantum cubic oscillator. Even in the simplest models, for one sign of the auxiliary temperature, the finite-volume ground-state energy spectrum undergoes an infinite sequence of level crossings as the coupling strength increases. A preliminary analysis also suggests that these theories exhibit structural connections with cyclic orbifolds. Within this setup, one can consistently include extra CDD factors that realise fractional-spin analogues of the T T ¯ \( T\overline{T} \) deformation. In analytically tractable cases, a Hagedorn-like behaviour is observed for a sign of the flow parameter, and the deformed spectrum develops a finite limiting temperature.