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<p>We point out that a QCD-like dark sector can be coupled to the Standard Model by gauging the topological Skyrme current, which measures the dark baryon number in the infrared, to give a technically natural model for dark matter. This coupling allows for a semi-annihilation process <i>χχ</i> → <i>χX</i><sub><i>μ</i></sub>, where <i>X</i><sub><i>μ</i></sub> is the gauge boson mediator and <i>χ</i> a dark pion field, which plays the dominant role in setting the dark matter relic abundance. The topological interaction is purely <i>p</i>-wave and so free from indirect detection constraints. We show that the dark matter pion mass needs to be in the range 10 MeV ≲ <i>m</i><sub><i>χ</i></sub> ≲ 1 TeV; towards the lighter end of this range, there can moreover be significant self-interactions. We discuss prospects for probing this scenario at collider experiments, ranging from the LHC to low-energy <i>e</i><sup>+</sup><i>e</i><sup><i>−</i></sup> colliders, future Higgs factories, and beam-dump experiments.</p>

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Topological freeze-out by semi-annihilation

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月11日

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  • Joe Davighi,
  • Serah Moldovsky,
  • Hitoshi Murayama,
  • Christiane Scherb,
  • Nudžeim Selimović

摘要

We point out that a QCD-like dark sector can be coupled to the Standard Model by gauging the topological Skyrme current, which measures the dark baryon number in the infrared, to give a technically natural model for dark matter. This coupling allows for a semi-annihilation process χχ → χXμ, where Xμ is the gauge boson mediator and χ a dark pion field, which plays the dominant role in setting the dark matter relic abundance. The topological interaction is purely p-wave and so free from indirect detection constraints. We show that the dark matter pion mass needs to be in the range 10 MeV ≲ mχ ≲ 1 TeV; towards the lighter end of this range, there can moreover be significant self-interactions. We discuss prospects for probing this scenario at collider experiments, ranging from the LHC to low-energy e+e− colliders, future Higgs factories, and beam-dump experiments.