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<p>Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) cosmology is analyzed in the framework of a string-inspired axion model. The dispersion relation of the axionic mode includes both gravitational and self-interaction terms, the latter being small in magnitude but crucial for inducing instability of the condensate. The generation rate of BEC around redshift <i>z</i> ≈ 30 is primarily governed by gravity, consistent with a phenomenological value Γ ≈ 10<sup><i>−</i>31</sup> eV adopted in previous work and realizable for the QCD axion. The relation between this early BEC epoch and the later formation of supermassive black holes at <i>z ≈</i> 5 is also discussed.</p>

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Bose-Einstein condensate cosmology within the framework of QCD axion

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月4日

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  • Takeshi Fukuyama

摘要

Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) cosmology is analyzed in the framework of a string-inspired axion model. The dispersion relation of the axionic mode includes both gravitational and self-interaction terms, the latter being small in magnitude but crucial for inducing instability of the condensate. The generation rate of BEC around redshift z ≈ 30 is primarily governed by gravity, consistent with a phenomenological value Γ ≈ 10−31 eV adopted in previous work and realizable for the QCD axion. The relation between this early BEC epoch and the later formation of supermassive black holes at z ≈ 5 is also discussed.